The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) HIV/AIDS office exists to ensure that Americans who are livings HIV/AIDS have safe, secure housing. It focuses primarily on anti-discrimination policies and affordable housing. To address the uniquely challenging needs of low-income persons, it manages the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program.
HOPWA is the only federally funded program that focuses on the housing needs of low-income people with HIV/AIDS. States and cities receive funding allocations based on a formula that calculates need. Funds are distributed as grants through three different sub-programs: Competitive, Formula and National Technical Assistance.
Competitive grants comprise ten percent of all HOPWA funding, and are awarded to nonprofit organizations, or state, city or local government projects that submit applications. During the selection process, priority is given to applicants seeking renewal of existing grants for ongoing projects. Once the renewals have been funded, remaining money is divided between the 20 to 22 highest-scoring applications for new projects. When selecting additional projects, the office looks first for "Special Projects of National Significance." These projects are considered innovative and potentially impactful on a national scale. They may start as small, community-based projects but be developed in such a way as to be replicable.
Ninety percent of HOPWA funds are distributed through the Formula Program. As the name implies, the program uses a formula that includes AIDS statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to determine areas of greatest needs. Seventy-five percent of the Formula funding goes to those areas, and is allocated to state and local governments. Metropolitan areas that have above-average instances of AIDS cases receive the remaining twenty-five percent. Nearly $300 million was awarded to 132 grantees in 92 metropolitan areas and 41 states in the 2010 fiscal year.
The final program, HOPWA National Technical Assistance, was created to help grantees, potential applicants and sponsors of HOPWA-funded projects increase their capacity, and strengthen their managerial and operational structures. Funding is awarded to states, local governments and nonprofit organizations through funding that is allocated via HUD's Super Notice of Funding Availability (SuperNOFA). Grants can be used for the development of HIV/AIDS housing strategies, implementation of HUD management tools, disseminations of HOPWA program information, or other activities deemed beneficial for maximizing HOPWA funds or projects.
Because the funding is allocated via the SuperNOFA, grants awarded through the National Technical Assistance Program have no affect on dollar amounts available through the other HOPWA programs. This allows for greater flexibility throughout the HOPWA Program.
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